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RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT NCERT CBSE CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY QUESTION BANK 2017-2018


1) What is the administrative name recognized internationally to the areal extent up to 12 nautical miles from base line of a coastal country?
2)   Khadar is the geographical area popularly related to which soil type?
3)   A soil is well-known for its capacity to hold moisture. What is its name in India?
4)   A type of resource named 'R' is found in Chhotanagpur region in abundnace but cannot be utilised yet due to lack of appropriate technology in India to access these. How can we classify 'R'?
5) In which part of India excessive irrigation is a major cause of land degradation?
6)   One physical factor contributes to maximum land degradation in India, most pronounced in rainy seasons and has direct effect on fertility of the land. What is that physical factor?
7) Do you think, the desired objective of National Forest Policy 1952 is achieved successfully?
8)   Give the reason behind Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman and Nicobar island are having less than 10% of total geographical area as net sown area.
9)   Explain the role of terrace cultivation in hilly areas?
10)   State the most concerned factor for deforestation in Madhya Pradesh?
11)   Which type of soil is found in the piedmont zone of Western Ghats?
12)   How the arid soil can be distinguished from other soils?
13)   In India where bad land topography is commonly found?
14)   In which region shelter belts are procreated to protect from land degradation?
15)   Why only 93% of the total geographical area is measured for land use pattern in India?
16)   How gross cropped areas is different from net sown area? Or Differentiate gross cropped area from net sown area?
17)   What is the importance of Brundtland commission report?
18)   State the importance of the book "small is beautiful".
19) In which five year plan period, resources planning is introduced in India?
20)   Do you think community owned resources are used by a specific community but denied to other community?
21) Define reserves on the basis of resource classification.
22)   How can we group human being and coal in same category of resources?
23)   Classify the resources on the basis of status of development?
24)   Briefly explain Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ)?
25)   What are international resources?
26)   Define sustainable development?
27)   State the importance of Rio-convention?
28)   Write the most important objective of Agenda 21?
29)   Even though Rajasthan is arid but has some specific potential, find it out?
30)   Who said, "there is enough for everybody's need and not for anybody's greed"? 
31) How can we solve the problem of land degradation? Suggest any three measures.
32)   Classify resources based on ownership. Explain each class in brief with examples. Or Briefly discuss the resources based on ownership.
33)   What problems have been caused by human beings using resources indiscriminately? Explain in brief. Or What are the negative effects of anthropogenic activities on resource?
34)   Discuss soil formation. Or What are the main factors affecting the formation of soil? Describe each factor briefly.
35)   Discuss the nature and distribution of black soil in India. Or Give the characteristics of the soil used for growing cotton. List the areas in India where this soil is found. Normally cotton is grown on black soils.
36)   What is resource planning? Why is the planning of resources essential? Explain any two reasons.
37)   Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
38) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
39) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas ?
40) Discuss resource on the basis of its origin. Or What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
41) What are the main advantages of India's land under a variety of relief features?
42) Which is the main cause of land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh? How can it be checked?
43)   What are the three stages of resources planning in India? Or Explain the three steps involved in the resource planning in India.
44)   Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources.
45) Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion. Explain the two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India? 
46) Explain land use pattern in India. Why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
47)   Discuss resources classification on the basis of status of development with their important features. Or Classify resources into groups on the basis of status of development. Explain the main features of each group.
48)   List the main types of soil found in India, identify which of these is most widespread. Describe the characteristics of this type of soil.
49)   Discuss the purpose of Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit and Agenda 21. Or What was the purpose of the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro Brazil in 1992? What are the main provisions of Agenda 21 signed at this Summit?
50)   Discuss anthropogenic factors of land degradation. Or Explain any four human activities which are mainly responsible for land degradation in India.
51)   Give the importance of soil. Explain any three factors responsible for soil formation.
52)   What is the relevance of Gandhian model of resource conservation in todays world. Or What is the need for conservation of resources? Explain in the light of Gandhiji's view.
53)   How have technical and economic developments led to more consumption of resources?
54) The following newspaper report was published on 23rd March, 2010. "Beverage giant Coca-Cola must pay $47 million for the environmental damage caused at a bottling plant in the Southern Indian state of Kerala. A committee in Kerala examining the practices of Coca-Cola found the company caused severe damage to farms and the local environment by dumping polluted waste water sludge on area crops from 1999 through 2004. The environmental report found high levels of cadmium in the sludge, caused declining crop yields, forcing substantial migration and steep unemployment in the area. Coca-Cola disputes the findings pending a court ruling." Do you think the company was correct in disputing the findings? If not, what should they have done? Give your reasons.
55)   The following newspaper report was published on 9th April, 2012. "The districts of Jodhpur, Farmer and Pali in Rajasthan have over 2000 textile units engaged in printing and dyeing of cloth, which are posing a major threat to the environment and ecology of their respective regions in the absence of an effluent disposal plan and adequate Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs). The state High Court has asked the units in Farmer district to close. Union Textiles Minister Anand Sharma said the industries cannot be allowed to be closed down and we need to come out with a solution as per the wish of the High Court." Do you feel that the minister was right? If so, what steps should be taken? Give your reasons.
56)   "Indiscriminate use of resources has led to numerous problems". Justify the statement in three points.
57) Explain the role of human in resource development.
58) Explain three reasons for land degradation.
59) Which geographical factors are responsible for the evolution of black soil? Why it consider the most suitable for growing cotton?
60)   Describe any three main characteristics of arid soil of India. 
61) Give two examples each of biotic and abiotic resources.
62)   What is soil erosion?
63)   Imagine if oil supplies get exhausted, how will this affect our lifestyle?
64)   Compare the diagrams given below and find out the land use category which had the highest increase during the period 1960-61 to 2002-03 and the category which had the highest decrease during the period. Give one major reason for each.   
65) On the political map of India given below, identify the soil types in (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
66)   On the political map of India given below, identify the soil types, which are given bewow and locate into the map (a)Arid soil (b) Laterite soil (c) Forest soil (d)Black soil
67)   On the outline political map of India given below, mark and label the following  (a) A state whose and land has been affected due to overgrazing (b) A state whose and land has been degraded due to extensive mining (c) A state which has more than 80% net sown area. (d) A state which has less than 10% net sown area       
68)   Define the term 'Resource'.
69)   What is the role of human beings in the development of a resource?
70)   What are biotic resources?
71)   What are abiotic resources?
72)   What are renewable resources?
73)   What are non-renewable resources?
74)   What kind of resources are Individual Resources?
75)   Which resources are community owned resources?
76)   What are National Resources?
77)   Which resources are termed as 'International Resources'?
78)   What are Potential Resources?
79)   What are Developed Resources?
80)   What does 'stock' mean?
81)   What are 'Reserves'?
82)   What do you mean by sustainable development?
83)   When and where was the first International Earth Summit held?
84)   What was Agenda 21 of Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro?
85)   Why do we need to have planning for resources in India?
86)   Which three processes are involved in Resource Planning?
87)   How are resources associated with colonialism?
88)   Why is resource conservation important?
89)   What is the importance of land as a natural resource?
90)   What are the main relief features of India?
91)   Which factors determine the use of land?
92)   What is Net Sown Area?
93)   What is gross cropped area?
94)   What is waste land?
95)   How does land degradation occur?
96)   What is the percentage of land degradation in India?
97)   In which states is land degraded due to mining?
98)   In which states is over irrigation responsible for land degradation?
99)   How is mineral processing responsible for land degradation?
100)   What is the importance of soil?
101)   Which factors help in the formation of soil?
102)   Which forces of nature help in the formation of soil?
103)   Which soils are formed at the foothills?
104)   What is 'Bangar'?
105)   What is 'khadar'?
106)   Why is alluvial soil called fertile soils?
107)   Which soils are called black soils?
108)   In which regions are black soils found?
109)   What are the chief characteristics of black soil?
110)   What is the main drawback of black soil?
111)   How are red soils formed?
112)   How do these red soils look red or yellow in colour?
113)   How are laterite soils formed?
114)   Why is humus content in laterite soil low?
115)   In which regions are laterite soils formed?
116)   What are the drawbacks of arid soils?
117)   Give one characteristic of forest soils.
118)   What is soil erosion?
119)   How is soil eroded?
120)   What are gullies?
121)   What is sheet erosion?
122)   How does soil erosion take place due to defective methods of farming?
123)   What is contour ploughing?
124)   How can Terrace farming check soil erosion?
125)   What is strip cropping?
126)   Why are shelter belts grown? 
127)   On the basis of its origin, resources can be classified into: (a) Renewable and non-renewable (b) Continuous and Biological (c) Biotic and Abiotic (d) Recyclable and non-recyclable
128)   What is required for sustained quality of life and global peace? (a) Depletion of resources (b) Equitable distribution of resources (c) Accumulation of resources (d) None of these
129)   Who wrote Small is Beautiful? (a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru (c) Rabindranath Tagore (d) Schumacher
130)   Which report introduced the concept of 'sustainable development'? (a) World Commission on Environment and Development Report (b) Brundtland Commission Report (c) State of Forest Report (d) None of these

131)   Mountains account for how much of the total surface area in India? (a) 30% (b) 40% (c) 43% (d) 25%
132)   What is 'fallow land'? (a) Cultivated land (b) Fertile land (c) Uncultivated land (d) None of these
133)   In which of the following states, has deforestation caused land degradation due to mining? (a) Maharashtra (b) Jharkhand (c) Gujarat (d) None of these
134)   In which of the following states has overgrazing caused land degradation? (a) Odisha (b) Rajasthan (c) Chhattisgarh (d) None of these
135)   Where are arid soils found? (a) Gujarat (b) Maharashtra (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Rajasthan
136)   What is known as 'bad land'? (a) Land unfit for cultivation (b) Land unfit for settlement (c) Ravines (d) Both (a) and (c)       
137) Do you think that resources are free gifts of nature as is assumed by many?
138) How can the land be saved from degradation?
139) Why do we need to conserve resources?
140) Do you think that resources are free gifts of nature as is assumed by many?
141) Describe the process of resource planning in India.
142) What were Gandhij's views on conservation of resources?
143) What is the importance of land?
144) For what purposes are land resources used?
145) What is the importance of soil as a resource?
146) Distinguish between Khadar and Bangar.
147) What are the chief characteristics of the alluvial soil?
148) Give some important features of the black soil.
149) Name the states in which laterite soils are found and give any two characteristics of this soil.
150) Explain the interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Also make a diagram to represent the same.
151) Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
152) Why is resource planning essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life?
153) Why was the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992 held?
154) What were the aims of Agenda 21 to achieve global sustainable development?
155) Why are arid soils found to be non-productive?
156) What is soil erosion? State how it can be prevented in deserts.
157) Describe the major problems faced by indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
158) Why do we need to conserve resources?
159) Which factors affect the land use pattern of India?
160) How laterite soils are formed? Give any one negative and one positive aspect of the soil.
161)   Describe the process of resource planning in India.
162)   What were Gandhij's views on conservation of resources?
163)   What is the importance of land?
164)   For what purposes are land resources used?
165)   What is the importance of soil as a resource?
166)   Distinguish between Khadar and Bangar.
167)     What are the chief characteristics of the alluvial soil?
168)   Give some important features of the black soil.
169)   Name the states in which laterite soils are found and give any two characteristics of this soil.
170)   Explain the interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Also make a diagram to represent the same.
171)   Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
172)   Why is resource planning essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life?
173)   Why was the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992 held?
174)   What were the aims of Agenda 21 to achieve global sustainable development?
175)   Why are arid soils found to be non-productive?
176)   What is soil erosion? State how it can be prevented in deserts.
177)   Describe the major problems faced by indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
178)   Why do we need to conserve resources?
179)   Which factors affect the land use pattern of India?
180)   How laterite soils are formed? Give any one negative and one positive aspect of the soil. 
181)   What is the need of resource planning in India? Explain with the help of examples.
182) What efforts were made for resource planning in the First Five Year Plan?
183)   Describe the land use pattern in India.
184)   What are the causes of land degradation? What are the ways to solve this problem?
185)   What is soil erosion? What are the main causes of soil erosion?
186)   What are the various methods of soil conservation?
187)     Define the term 'Resource'. Do you think that resources are free gifts of nature?
188)   Classify resources on the basis of ownership.
189)   Classify resources on the basis of development.
190)   How is land a natural resource of utmost importance? Explain with four facts taken from Indian land resource.
191)   What is land degradation? What do you know about India's degraded land?
192)   Which factors are responsible for soil formation?
193)   By what names is black soil also known as? In which regions are black soils formed and why?
194)   How red and yellow soils are formed? Why do they look red?
195)   Give any four characteristics of arid soils of India.
196)   How have technical and economic developments led to more consumption of resources? 
197) Describe the process of resource planning in India.
198) What were Gandhij's views on conservation of resources?
199) What is the importance of land?
200) For what purposes are land resources used?
201) What is the importance of soil as a resource?
202) Distinguish between Khadar and Bangar.
203) What are the chief characteristics of the alluvial soil?
204) Give some important features of the black soil.
205) Name the states in which laterite soils are found and give any two characteristics of this soil.
206) Explain the interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Also make a diagram to represent the same.
207) Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
208) Why is resource planning essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life?
209) Why was the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992 held?
210) What were the aims of Agenda 21 to achieve global sustainable development?
211) Why are arid soils found to be non-productive?
212) What is soil erosion? State how it can be prevented in deserts.
213) Describe the major problems faced by indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
214) Why do we need to conserve resources?
215) Which factors affect the land use pattern of India?
216) How laterite soils are formed? Give any one negative and one positive aspect of the soil.
217) Describe the process of resource planning in India.
218) What were Gandhij's views on conservation of resources?
219) What is the importance of land?
220) For what purposes are land resources used?
221) What is the importance of soil as a resource?
222) Distinguish between Khadar and Bangar.
223) What are the chief characteristics of the alluvial soil?
224) Give some important features of the black soil.
225) Name the states in which laterite soils are found and give any two characteristics of this soil.
226) Explain the interdependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Also make a diagram to represent the same.
227) Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
228) Why is resource planning essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life?
229) Why was the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992 held?
230) What were the aims of Agenda 21 to achieve global sustainable development?
231) Why are arid soils found to be non-productive?
232) What is soil erosion? State how it can be prevented in deserts.
233) Describe the major problems faced by indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
234) Why do we need to conserve resources?
235) Which factors affect the land use pattern of India?

236) How laterite soils are formed? Give any one negative and one positive aspect of the soil.


Class X Geography (Question)
1. Resources And Development:-
Very Short Answer Type Question:-
1. Which is the main cause of Land degradation in Punjab?
2. How can resources be classified on the basis of their origin?
3. How can resources be classified on the basis of exhaustibility?
4. What are obiotic resources made of?
5. What are international resources?
6. What do you mean by global ecological crises?
7. What is the objective of the Agenda 21?
8. What does the cold desert of Ladakh Lack is?
9. What are gullies?
10. What do you mean by bad land?
11. Where black soil is (regular) found in India?
12. What do you mean by the word ‘Laterite’?
13. What is leaching?
14. What do you understand by reserve resources?
15. Which type of soil is found in the piedmont zone of weoten ghat?

Short Answer Type Questions:-
1. What is soil erosion? What are the different types of soil erosion?
2. What factors are responsible for the formation of soil?
3. What are the types of resources on the basis of Exhaustibility? Explain with examples?
4. Why is resource planning a complex process?
5. What are difficult yupe of soil foun in India and also mention the regions they are found.
6. What are the main advantages of India’s land under a variety of relief features?
7. “Sustainability of development is new area of knowledge. Do you agree? Justify your answer.
8. What are the negative effects of human activities on resources?
9. What are the three stages of resources planning in India?
10. Why is resource planning essential? Give some examples.
11. How can we solve the problem of land degradation? Suggest any six measures.
12. What are three main features of the soil found in the river deltas of the Indian Coast?
13. Give the characteristics of the soil used for growing cotton. Name the areas where this soil is found?
14. Explain some farming techniques through which soil conservation can take place.
15. What are the differences between renewable and non- renewable resources?


Long Answer Type Questions:-
1. What are the holes of human in resource development?
2. What was tahe purpose of the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro Beazil in 1992? What is the main provision of Agenda 21 signed at this Summit?
3. What are four human activities which are mainly responsible for land degradation in India?
4. Which soil is called regur soil? Explain any characteristics of this soil.
5. What is the need for conservation of resources? Explain in the light of Gandhiji’s view.
6. Explain the term ‘Development’ How is it linked with sustainability? Explain with example.
7. What are the different types of soils found in India and also mention the regions they are found in?
8. Explain the different methods of controlling soil erosion.
9. What is resource planning? Why is resource planning necessary in India? Give example.
10. Explain the classification of resource on the basis of ownership.
11. What is resource planning? Mention the steps which are involved in resources planning.
12. What is net sown area? Which area of India have more net sown area?
13. What is the different purpose of land use in India?
14. Explain the major factors which are responsible for the formation of soil.


Map Skills
1. On the political outline map of India given below, locate the soil types
(i) Black Soil
(ii) Arial Soil
(iii) Forest & Mountain Soil
2. On the following map of India, Locate and label the given soil types.
(i) Alluvial Soil
(ii) Red & Yellow Soil
(iii) Laterite Soil

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